The invention relates to a method for separating and recovering anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated sulfuric acid and chromium from chromium-containing sodium bisulfate. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out thermal insulation treatment on chromium-containing sodium bisulfate, putting the chromium-containing sodium bisulfate subjected to thermal insulation treatment in alcohol to react, and filtering to respectively form an alcohol-sulfuric acid mixed solution and a solid chromium-containing sodium sulfate; evaporating the alcohol-sulfuric acid solution, recycling the alcohol obtained by vapor condensation in the system, and obtaining the evaporation concentration solution after alcohol evaporation, which is the concentrated sulfuric acid; and leaching the chromium-containing sodium sulfate with water, filtering to obtain a sodium sulfate water solution and a chromium-containing filter cake, drying the sodium sulfate water solution to obtain the anhydrous sodium sulfate, and using the chromium-containing filter cake as a raw material for producing chromium compound products in chromium chemical industry. The purity of the anhydrous sodium sulfate product prepared by the method is higher than 98%, and the product quality satisfies the requirements in GB/T6009-2003. The H2SO4 content in the concentrated sulfuric acid can reach 98%, and the product quality satisfies the requirements in GB/T534-2002.