The invention provides an efficient, easy and convenient laser 3D printing manufacturing method of a metal gradient material. The laser 3D printing manufacturing method comprises the steps that (1) a computer three-dimensional diagrammatic sketch of the metal gradient material is built, and a scanning path is built; (2) component ratios of different positions are calculated; (3) corresponding printing parameters are set; (4) raw material powder is fed into a powder conveying barrel; (5) printing equipment is started to carry out laser 3D printing, a feeder carries out feeding according to the set track, the component ratios and speed, meanwhile, a laser device caries out laser cladding on the metal powder, the metal powder forms a whole through melting and solidification, printing is carried out row by row to form a face according to a trace, and printing is carried out layer by layer to form the three-dimensional metal gradient material. The laser 3D printing manufacturing method has the advantages that the raw material component ratios of different positions are strictly controlled through a computer, and therefore gradient distribution of components is achieved in a real sense; powder feeding and melting and solidification are completed at the same time through laser 3D printing, and work efficiency is improved; the 3D printing technology is a material increasing manufacturing method, and compared with a traditional process, raw materials are saved.