The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering and building engineering, and provides an anchor with automatic clamping functional structures and a carbon fiber plate. The anchor with the automatic clamping functional structures and the carbon fiber plate comprises an anchor body (1) and two clamp sheets (2). The carbon fiber plate (4) is positioned between the two clamp sheets (2); transition base plates (3) are arranged between the carbon fiber plate (4) and the two clamp sheets (2) and are integrally adhered with the carbon fiber plate (4); the carbon fiber plate (4) is clamped by the two clamp sheets (2) via the transition base plates (3), and certain clamping force can be exerted on the carbon fiber plate (4) by the clamp sheets (2); grooves are formed in the inner surfaces of the clamp sheets (2), so that automatic clamping effects can be realized by the anchor when the carbon fiber plate (4) is tensioned, and the carbon fiber plate can be effectively clamped and keeps being self-locked. The anchor has the advantages of convenience in operation and reliability in force transfer. Besides, anchoring and tensioning effects can be realized for the high-stress carbon fiber plate.