The invention discloses a short-circuit protection action current adjusting method and a device thereof for a multi-pole magnetic release. An electromagnetic system comprises an auxiliary static iron core, a second static iron core, a coil, a reset spring and a dynamic iron core; at an initial position, a first gap is formed between the auxiliary static iron core and the dynamic iron core, a second gap is formed between the dynamic iron core and the second static iron core, and the thickness of the second gap changes in the same direction along with the size variation of a release threshold value; the elastic force of the reset spring changes oppositely along the size variation of the release threshold value; when a release current value is adjusted from large to small, the coil energy reduces in a quadratic relationship mode along with flowing currents and meanwhile the electromagnetic attraction between the dynamic iron core and the second static iron core is increased in a quadratic relationship mode, which in inverse proportion to reduction of the thickness of the second gap. According to the short-circuit protection action current adjusting method for the multi-pole magnetic release, adjustment of the release current value and the dynamic iron core action requires electromagnetic attraction are in a linear fixed corresponding relation due to automatically achieved balance between two quadratic functions and adjustment of the release threshold value through the user is convenient, reliable and stable.