The invention discloses a thin-layer asphalt concrete structure for inhibiting pavement reflection cracking and a paving method. The structure comprises an old cement concrete pavement, an anti-cracking layer, a rubber modified asphalt fiber gravel sealing layer and a specific grading modified asphalt mixture surface layer from top to bottom, wherein the anti-cracking layer comprises a plurality of anti-cracking patches; the rubber modified asphalt fiber gravel sealing layer is formed by mixing rubber modified asphalt, aggregate and fibers, and covers the anti-cracking layer and the whole pavement; the specific grading modified asphalt mixture surface layer is formed by diluting a high-viscosity asphalt mixed material which is prepared by mixing high-viscosity modified asphalt, aggregate, filler and a fiber stabilizing agent, and covers the rubber modified asphalt fiber gravel sealing layer. The thin-layer asphalt concrete structure can effectively inhibit occurrence and extension of reflection cracking, can prolong the service life of the pavement structure and improve the serving condition of the pavement structure, guarantees that the asphalt paving layer can endure horizontal stress of temperature contraction, disperse vertical stress borne by vehicles and resist buckling deformation of a cement slab under vehicle loading action.