The invention provides a calibration system of a partial discharge supersonic detector. The calibration system comprises a sound emission device, a sound emission transducer, a measuring device, a reference sensor, a test block, a detector under test and a clamp. The sound emission device is connected with the sound emission transducer, the measuring device is connected with the reference sensor, and the sound emission transducer, the reference sensor and a sensor under test of the detector under test are all arranged on the surface of the test block. The calibration system is used for conducting longitudinal wave sensitivity test, surface wave sensitivity test and pressure field sensitivity test on the detector under test and conducting detection test on the whole machine sensitivity, the whole machine frequency band, whole machine linearity errors and the whole machine repeatability of the detector under test. Compared with the prior art, the calibration system of the partial discharge supersonic detector is easy to implement, good in sound source repeatability, easy to operate, widely applicable to maintaining, testing and calibration of partial discharge supersonic detectors in electric power industry.