The invention discloses the technical field of measurement and monitoring of the temperature in exploration logging and particularly relates to a distributed type well-temperature measuring device and a measuring method. The distributed type well-temperature measuring device comprises a control host and a plurality of well-temperature measuring probes, wherein the well-temperature measuring probes are connected with a bus interface of the control host by a single bus; the control host comprises a storage unit, a human-machine interface unit, an RS232 communication unit and a microcontroller unit; the storage unit, the human-machine interface unit and the RS232 communication unit are respectively connected with the microcontroller unit. The distributed type well-temperature measuring device and the measuring method have the advantages that the measurement error is small, the interference resistance is strong, the design requirement of the logging probes is simple, the distributed type wiring is convenient, the cost performance is high and the use is flexible and the like.