The invention provides an intrauterine adhesion prevention and treatment device. The intrauterine adhesion prevention and treatment device comprises a triangular balloon, a balloon catheter, a catheter base, a balloon support and medicine sustained-release capsules, wherein the balloon catheter is connected with the first vertex of the balloon and communicated with the interior of the balloon, the catheter base is connected with the end, away from the balloon, of the balloon catheter, the medicine sustained-release capsules are used for storing medicine and releasing the medicine gradually in the vivo environment, the two ends of the balloon support are connected with the second vertex and the third vertex of the balloon respectively, a position point of the balloon support is located at the first vertex of the balloon, and the medicine sustained-release capsules are arranged at the two ends of the balloon support. By means of the intrauterine adhesion prevention and treatment device, intrauterine adhesion can be effectively prevented in a short term or a long term, a second operation for replacing an intrauterine device is not needed any more, and the problem that restoration of the endometrium of a patient in whom estrogenic hormones and progestational hormones are contraindicated is slow because the patient can not take the hormones orally is also solved.