The invention discloses an intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system virtual load error detection device and method. The error detection device comprises an electric energy meter on-site calibration instrument and a high-precision analog signal source. High-precision analog signal source output three-phase voltage and current analog quantities are simultaneously input into a detected intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system and the electric energy meter on-site calibration instrument, electric energy pulses of a digital electric energy meter in the electric energy measuring secondary system are also input into the electric energy meter on-site calibration instrument at the same time, the electric energy measured by the electric energy secondary system is compared with the electric energy measured by the electric energy meter on-site calibration instrument, and then intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system virtual load error overall detection is achieved. The intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system virtual load error detection device and method solve the problem of intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system virtual load error overall detection, the whole detection operations can be achieved in a few minutes, and the intelligent substation electric energy measuring secondary system virtual load error detection device and method are easy to achieve, and have higher economy, reliability and safety.