The invention provides a novel brain targeting preparation for preventing and treating a neurodegenerative disease. The novel brain targeting preparation comprises effective dose of fusion protein of cell growth factor and TAT (transcriptional activator) cell-penetrating peptide, or fusion protein of the cell growth factor, TAT and a transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody, a protein activity protecting agent, and proper auxiliary material, wherein the fusion protein of cell growth factor and TAT cell-penetrating peptide or the fusion protein of the cell growth factor, TAT and transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody is an active ingredient. The novel brain targeting preparation disclosed by the invention has excellent performance of breaking through a blood brain barrier, and is specifically targeted to the brain; the defect that single TAT does not have cell selectivity can be overcome; a brain neurons microenvironment is regulated and controlled by the effects of neurotrophy, paracrine and the like, so as to play the roles of preventing and treating the neurodegenerative disease. The novel brain targeting preparation can be prepared into a freeze-drying preparation, a liquid preparation or an adhesive preparation and applied in an intravenous injection or nasal delivery manner.