The invention relates to the technical field of radio frequency identification (RFID) detecting equipment, in particular to a multi working condition detection device of RFID labels and a reader-writer. The multi working condition detection device of the RFID labels and the reader-writer is composed of a label swivel plate and a reader-writer chuck arranged above the label swivel plate. The label swivel plate is a swivel plate which is driven by a motor. A plurality of label clamps are evenly distributed on the circumference of the swivel plate. The swivel plate is further provided with an environmental simulation device. When the multi working condition detection device of the RFID labels and the reader-writer is used in a test, corresponding to-be-tested RFID labels are arranged on the label clamps, the reader-writer is arranged on the reader-writer chuck, corresponding rotating speed is adjusted through the motor, a corresponding detecting environment is adjusted to through an environment simulator, then needed detecting environment can be formed, and detecting work can be carried out on the RFID labels and the reader-writer. The multi working condition detection device of the RFID labels and the reader-writer has the advantages of being simple in structure, capable of applying to tests of the RFID labels and the reader-writer under different working conditions, free from the need of tests in relevant factories, simple in test and low in test cost.