The invention discloses high-strength temperature resistant viscoelastic polymer for profile control, which is characterized by comprising the following components in part by weight: 5 to 60 parts of acrylic amide, 5 to 55 parts of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid, 2 to 15 parts of 2-acrylamide dodecyl sulfonic acid, 0 to 3 parts of acrylic ester, 0 to 3 parts of N-vinyl lactam, 1 to 5 parts of cationic monomer, 0.01 to 1 part of dissolve promoter, and 25 to 55 parts of deionized water. The polymer has the advantages that firstly, the reaction is classical, and industrial production is easy to realize; secondly, the yield is high, and the overall yield is more than 90 percent; thirdly, synthetic material of the polymer and the process route are environmentally friendly, the toxicity to the environment is low, the biological degradability is good, and the salt resistance and the high-temperature resistance are excellent; and fourthly, the polymer forms gel with cross-linking agent, and the high-temperature resistance, the salt resistance, the shearing resistance and the stability of the polymer are superior to those of common polymer.