The invention discloses a large-scale umbilical cable/cable/steel wire construction device and a method. The device comprises tracks, a large-scale roller driving device and a tensioner, the number of the tracks is four in total, the tracks are arranged in a way of arranging two tracks on the left and arranging two tracks on the right and further arranged on a deck of an operation ship in parallel, the large-scale roller driving device comprises a large left tower and a large right tower, which are arranged above the tracks in a sliding manner, the left tower and the right tower are symmetrically arranged for clamping and lifting rollers wound with a large-scale umbilical cable/cable/steel wire, and the tensioner is arranged on the deck in front of the large-scale roller driving device. The device disclosed by the invention can realize the two-way continuous operation of cable laying and cable collection among a plurality of the rollers in a way of using an intermediate shaft to drive, has the advantages of small occupied operation area and high operation efficiency, and can be used for cable release and cable collection construction operation of the seabed umbilical cable/cable/steel wire.