The invention discloses a rotational flow air flotation oil-water separation device and an air flotation generator. The rotational flow air flotation oil-water separation device comprises one or a plurality of cylindrical rotational flow tubes and a vertical type cylindrical air flotation device. The cylindrical rotational flow tube comprises a swirling flow cavity, a horizontal tangential liquid inlet pipe, an overflow outlet pipe, and an underflow outlet pipe. The vertical type cylindrical air flotation device comprises an air flotation cylinder body, a horizontal side inlet pipe, a clear water outlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, an oil outlet pipe, a liquid spiral flow deflector, and the air flotation generator. The principle of high-speed rotational flow and the effect of bubble absorption are used comprehensively in the invention. The whole process is conducted in a flowing state. The rotational flow air flotation oil-water separation device and the air flotation generator of the invention are applicable to onshore and offshore oil production platforms, and have a good industrial application prospect.