The invention relates to an underground engineering parameter measurement-while-drilling device, which is used for measuring drill pressure, torsion, pressure in a drill columns and annular pressure while drilling and comprises a testing spindle. Resistance strain gauges, a measuring circuit board, an annular pressure sensor and a pipe internal pressure sensor are fixed on the testing spindle; the resistance strain gauges form a plurality of electric bridges which are connected with the measuring circuit board, and the annular pressure sensor and the pipe internal pressure sensor are communicated with corresponding oil storage devices to sense change of oil pressure, and are connected with the measuring circuit board; and a centralizing tube is disposed in the testing spindle, a battery barrel is placed in the centralizing tube, a hollow screw and a power switch are disposed along a radial direction of the testing spindle, a lead is connected with the measuring circuit board, the battery barrel and the power switch, and the measuring circuit board records, stores and uploads data. Measuring components are mounted inside and outside the testing spindle, self movement components are omitted, working conditions of a bit and a drill are reflected directly, the data are reliable, and accuracy is high.