The invention discloses a device for acquisition, transmission and real-time processing of spectrometer experimental data. The device comprises a collimator tube, a telescope, an objective table, an angular sensor, a circuit board embedded with a singlechip microcomputer, a Bluetooth emission module, a display device, a computer and a data processing program, wherein the computer is used for collecting the experimental data and processing the collected experimental data in real time and is provided with a Bluetooth receiving module, and the telescope is used for observation in a spectrometer experiment. The device is characterized in that the angular sensor is additionally arranged between a dial disc and the telescope and is connected with the singlechip microcomputer; data measured by the angular sensor are transmitted to the singlechip microcomputer, and the singlechip microcomputer transmits the data to the display device, which is connected with the singlechip microcomputer, in real time to be displayed; and after students completely measure the required data, a transmission button on the circuit board embedded with the singlechip microcomputer is pressed, data packets containing the data and student numbers as well as names are transmitted to a computer of a teacher through the Bluetooth emission module, and the computer is used for storing and postprocessing the data.