The invention discloses a vertical dry-hanging mounting structure of a stone. The mounting structure comprises a keel (2), a wall connecting piece (1), a sliding block (5) and a stone dry-hanging piece, wherein the keel (2) is fixed on a wall body by virtue of the wall connecting piece (1); the sliding block (5) is mounted on the keel (2) by virtue of an adjustable fixer; when the sliding block (5) needs to be adjusted, the sliding block (5) can move along the keel (2); the stone dry-hanging piece is fixedly connected with the sliding block (5); the keel (2) is provided with a keel clamping groove; the adjustable fixer is a kidney-shaped fixer (8) with the properties of a bolt; a spring washer is arranged in the middle of the adjustable fixer; and the lower opening of the adjustable fixer is provided with a clamping groove which is matched and held with the keel clamping groove. The vertical dry-hanging mounting structure of the stone is simple and feasible to construct, can improve the speed of mounting the stone, does not need the operation of a specialized person, has popular construction, and is beneficial to standard operation; and furthermore, when the division size of a vertical stone changes, the division size can be regulated freely without disassembling and remaking the vertical stone, so as to avoid the waste of materials.