Provided are a substrate holding device allowing a substrate held by the device to be accurately positioned by using a simple structure, capable of sucking the substrate with a sufficient sucking force, and not causing the substrate to come out of position, a substrate holding method, and a method of manufacturing laminated glass. A substrate holding device (10) for moving a substrate in the top-bottom direction while holding the substrate in a substantially horizontal position. The substrate holding device (10) is provided with a support body (2), at least one substrate sucking body (1) supported by the support body (2) and sucking the substrate, and a band-like elastic member (4) for interconnecting at multiple positions an outer peripheral section of the substrate sucking body (1) and that area of the support body (2) which is horizontally away from the outer peripheral section of the substrate sucking body (1). The band-like elastic member (4) has a displacing section located between one end thereof which connects to the substrate sucking body (1) and the other end thereof which connects to the support body (2), and the displacing section has a band-like shape wide in the horizontal direction and thin in the top-bottom direction. The displacing section displaces in the horizontal direction and also displaces so that the substrate sucking body (1) approaches and is separated from the support body (2) in the top-bottom direction.