The invention discloses a method for treating and refining copper, tin, zinc and lead-containing waste residues, which belongs to the technical fields of waste residue treatment and metal recovery. The method comprises the following steps of: performing primary crushing on the waste residues by adopting a jaw crusher, performing fine crushing on the waste residues by using a high-speed crusher, and reselecting and separating metal materials and waste slag out by utilizing a shaker and taking water as a medium; dehydrating and vacuum-drying the metal materials, smelting the metal materials by adopting an intermediate frequency induction furnace, and adding a slag forming constituent and a deoxidizer to purify the metal materials to prepare a master alloy; burdening specific metal elements according to the components of copper-based metal powder, and atomizing the smelted alloy by using high-pressure water; and performing the steps of dehydration, vacuum-drying or hydrogen reduction, grading and blended packaging to prepare the copper-based metal powder. The method reduces the recovery cost of the waste residues as the metal elements consisting of copper, tin, zinc and lead in the involved waste residues are comprehensively utilized without independent separation, and is environmentally-friendly and energy saving; and the prepared copper-based metal powder product has high additional value and good economic benefits.