A method and a device for dry-type slag discharge through the air delivery includes the cooling, transportation and storage of firing residue. The method is that the calcination slag is conveyed to a cooler to cool, the cooled firing residue is conveyed to an intermediate storehouse by a scraper conveyor, and the firing residues stored in the intermediate storehouse are conveyed to a target storehouse through airflow, finally the firing residues are conveyed outside with centralization. The device of the invention is composed of a calcination slag cooler, a scraper conveyor, a conveying storehouse pump, a cyclone dust extractor, an electric dust collector and a corresponding pipe network. The method and the device of the invention may be used for dry-type slug discharge of iron purite acid-making roasting oven and exhaust-heat boiler, also may be used for the dry-type slag discharge treatment of the boiler and the like.