The invention relates to a melting method of the antimony blast furnace adopting oxygen-rich air. The melting method is characterized in that the oxygen produced by an air separation oxygen manufacture equipment or a liquid oxygen vaporizing device is transmitted into an air pipe at the front end or the back end of a blast fan through a pipeline, and mixed with air into oxygen-bearing oxygen-rich air with volume concentration more than or equal to 22 percent according to a set proportion, and the oxygen-rich air is led into blast furnace through a blast hole. The melting method is suitable for processing various antimony bearing materials such as oxidized antimony ore, antimony sulfide ore, mixed sulfide-oxide antimony ore, jamesonite, recycled material during the antimony smelting, etc. which bear more than 15 percent of antimony; and the melting method is also suitable for processing the block or powder antimony material provided with various different appearances which is processed by balling. The bed processing ability of the melting method is enhanced by more than or equal to 50 percent, the coking rate is reduced by more than or equal to 40 percent, the iron ore rate is reduced by more than or equal to 40 percent, the comprehensive recycling rate for the antimony is up to 97 percent or more than 97 percent, the SO2 concentration in the waste gas is enhanced by 50 percent to 100 percent, and the better condition for the next waste gas desulphurization (or acid making ) processing and the standard discharging is provided.